Board rules are data, not code
CBSE reports grades. ICSE does not award divisions. A state board may award one off an aggregate. A university runs semesters with SGPA and carries backlogs. Software that computes one and relabels it for the rest produces marksheets that are subtly wrong in a way nobody notices until a board audit. So the result format, the pass rule and the absence policy live in a rule set the result engine reads — and a school that needs a variation overrides it without waiting for a release.